Cementation process not only improves surface hardness, abrasion resistance and continuous strength, but also improves part core strength and ductility. In this way, it is ensured that large loads are carried and impact-like loads are met.

The carbon ratio of cementation materials is generally between 0.10-0.20%, in some varieties it can be up to 0.25%. They can be produced with or without alloys.

Cementation steels can be heat treated in different ways after the cementation process. After the cementation process, the carbon amount in the core region remains at the values of 0.10-0.20%, while the carbon amount in the surface area increases up to 0.80%. In this case, the selection of the heat treatment temperature to be made becomes difficult due to the varying amount of carbon in each part of the part structure. The temperature to be selected based on the core region causes grain coarsening in the part wall region, and the temperature to be selected based on the part wall region causes the core region to not harden sufficiently. For this reason, the easiest method to be applied is direct hardening from the cementation temperature. This method can only be applied after salt bath and gas cementation. The method is more suitable for fine-grained steels.

Core strength can be increased with the increase of carbon content and added alloying elements in cementation steels. However, the most efficient result can be achieved with core hardening after cementation. This method is called double hardening. The part, which is abruptly cooled from the appropriate hardening temperature in the core region, is subjected to the intermediate annealing process, and then the hardness of the wall region is provided by sudden cooling from the hardening temperature suitable for the wall region. Welding capabilities of cementation steels are good.

Alloy steels require annealing after welding. Machining is best achieved with normally annealed or coarse-grained material. The softened material is not preferred because it gives bad surface quality.